The process whereby plants make sugars is photosynthesis. The plant takes in carbon dioxide from the air though pores in its leaves and absorbs water through its roots. These are combined to make sugar using energy from the sun and with the help of a substance called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is green which allows it to absorb the sun's energy more readily and which, of course, gives the plants' leaves their green colour. The reaction of photosynthesis can be written as the following chemical equation when glucose is being made:
| 12 CO2 + 11 H2 O | = | C12 H22 O11 + 12 O2 |
| carbon dioxide + water | = | glucose + oxygen |
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